Man and wood

Wood is one of the basic materials that man exploits in several areas of his life. For thousands of years, it has provided man with a solution to many needs. It teaches man how to extract fruits, shade and shelter from trees, and how to form wood and replant trees for the future.

The tree is the root of wood. Renewed sow then reap

Trees cover one fifth of the world's land area. The growth of trees increases in temperate and cold regions such as Russia, Finland, Canada and tropical areas such as Brazil, Malaysia and Gabon

Softwoods or conifers come from cold and temperate regions while hardwoods such as mahogany and teak grow in the tropics.

Soft trees grow at a faster growth rate than hard trees.

Leaves of tropical trees are mostly larger and tend to be dark in color.

Soft wood is used in construction and making ordinary furniture and hard

wood is used in luxury furniture.

wood uses

- Construction:

In some regions of the world houses are built of wood, and doors and windows are often made of it

Wood is still the preferred material for making home and office furniture, such as beds, chairs, tables, cabinets, and others

Fuel:

Wood is used by igniting it directly by first converting it into charcoal, as happens in the Blue Nile State, for example

Paper:

The basic material for the manufacture of paper is wood, and after the invention of printing, the consumption of wood increased and the rate of 

cutting down trees increased.

. Timber techniques

Converting the tree into commercial lumber

Wood intervention in advanced technical industries. In order for these industries to continue, trees must be planted to replace the trees that have been cut down. Techniques extend to cutting, transportation, sawing, storage and pest control, and end with final industries such as the furniture industry.

 Manufactured wood

Wood prices are rising due to the increase in its consumption.

This prompted the technicians to make maximum use of the ore, branches, small pieces, and saw waste, which were thrown as waste. This led to thinking about the optimal independence of these woods and the reuse of waste, and various types of uses emerged, including:

Thin wood panels

Thin planks (1-2 mm) of expensive wood are used to cover cheap or manufactured wood. In this way, the furniture acquires a beautiful look, and an example of that is covering with tacks wood.

Multilayer panels

Like plywood, we can create a new material that is more flexible than the regular wood from which the panels are made.

compressed wood

It is made from wood waste, small pieces, and sawdust, and is fixed with special glue. It is used in the invisible parts of furniture and partitions

Wood powder boards

Wood waste is processed and converted into powder, then mixed with special glue and used in the furniture industry. It comes covered with real or industrial thin wood panels.

Effects of wood industries and their damages

The rate of cutting trees is faster than the rate of growth of new trees, which leads to the displacement of animals that lived in the forests if the cutting continues to destroy the environment

The large increase in the prices of printing newspapers and books increased the number of trees cut down for the paper industry, turning forests into deserts.

Pollution of rivers near paper mills due to the dumping of chemicals used in washing and bleaching paper

The coal industry in the south of the Blue Nile and other states caused the desertification of those areas, the disappearance of vegetation, a change in its nature, and soil erosion.

How do we minimize these damages?

1- Monitoring forests and rationalizing their use

2- Planting more forests

3- Monitoring paper mills and preventing them from polluting rivers and the air

4- Encouraging paper mills to reuse newsprint in making new paper

5- Reducing dependence on coal in homes and using natural gas instead

Carpentry tools

Carpentry is the technique of converting cleaned wood into furniture and wooden crafts

The right tools make the job easier

Measurement tools

Four-fold wood plank

Steel ruler

Tape measure

Mark or scratch tool

It has a sharp tip that is used to make a mark on the wood to determine the position of the cut

Chisel

There are different types of chisels and the most commonly used is the cutting chisel

Right angle

Used to draw perpendicular and parallel lines or review the surfaces of artifacts